Improvement in paper cuffs or wristbands



NiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDw. A. EvANS, or BOSTON, MASSAGHUSETTS, AsSieNoE-To JAMES A. wooDEUEY, or SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER CUFFS OR WRIS'PBANDS..

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 56,737, dated July 31, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I; ANDREW A. EVANS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented a new and useful ImprovementinGnffs and Wristbands; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full.

clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figurel is a plan of a ladys cuff; Fig. 2, a

` plan of a single Wristband, and Fig. 3 a similar view of a double or reversible Wristband for gentlemen.

Like parts are indicated by the same letters in all the drawings.

Previous to my invention wristbands and cuffs had been made of a material composed of paper backed by a woven fabric, and others of paper strengthened by an additional piece pasted or cemented around the buttonholes. In both of these cases the inventors found it actually necessary to strengthen the paper by extraneous means, to be added after the paper was made. This I do not do, and do not lay claim to. l produce the necessary strength by entirely different means from either of the above-mentioned plans, as I will explain.

The increasing cost of the backing in the one case and the difficulty attending the manufacture in the other case, rendered the wristbands or cuffs, intended as a general thing to be Worn but once, too expensive to answer the purpose they were designed for.

The object of my invention is to make a paper Wristband or cuff in which both the cloth backing and the additional strengthening pieces are dispensed with or rendered unnecessary, lwhich I accomplish as follows:

The results of many experiments have shown methat to produce areally good all-paper wristband or cuff the paper must possess the following qualities, viz: strength to withstand the usual Wear and tear, particularly where button-holes are used, without excessive thickness, such as to impair the resemblance to a starched linen Wristband or cuff, and tenacity or toughness, with pliability sufficient to allow the Wristband or cud to be folded upon itself, if found necessary or desirable to do so, without cracking or roughing up at the fold, and

the pureness of color and necessary polish to make it resemble starched linen.

Imake my wristbands or cuffs out of a paper which I have produced or caused to be produced, in which I have combined these qualities, and this paper is made of a long fiber, substantially, in this respect, like banknote paper, but of about the thickness of an ordinary starched Wristband or cuff, and of a pure shade or color, such as to resemble starched linen.

VBy means of the length of fiber in the material 1 am enabled to obtain from the degree of thickness above specified a sufficient degree of strength, tenacity, and pliability to make a Wristband yor cuff practically useful fog: wear without interfering with its resemblance in appearance to a linen Wristband or cuff.

A sample of the paper which I have thus found suitable for the purpose and have used has been iiled with my application for a patent fora Wristband or cuff.

To produce a paper having the above-named qualities, what is known as hard stock7 should beused in larger proportions than is required for other descriptions of paper, except for that which is known as bank-note paper,77 and in the process of pulping the stock dull knives should be used,and the distance of the knives or beaters and their modevof striking the knife-bar should be so arranged as to draw out the pulp instead of chopping it short, constituting what is known as the longbeating 7 process, and this lon g-beatin g should be continued for a great length of time, so that the fiber shall. be not only long but fine, and

thereby the paper not only be more strong,A

but more smooth and even, and the fiber become bedded in the thickness of the paper, so as not to mar the surface.

After the stock is thus pulped .the paper, if made upon av cylinder. machine, may be run off in two or more sheets of pulp, which may be united as they run from several cylinders and pass together, one over the other, under the press or rolls into one sheet of the required thickness; or one sheet may be first run off upon areel, and then united in the same manner with another sheet running from the cylinder and both passing under the rolls togather; but the former mode is found prefera.

ble in practice, as the several sheets are in that case of equal degrees of moisture, and therefore form, in that state, a more perfect union.

In case a single sheet is used, made upon a cylinder machine, as its thickness and length of ber tend to retain the moisture, great care must be taken to expel the water from the pulp.

In case a Fourdrinier machine is used, the paper may be made of the required thickness from a single sheet'of pulp; but the wire on which the pulp is formed should be supplied with extra suction-boxes to remove the water, and its forward motion should be much slower than in the manufacture of ordinary paper, while the lateral or vibratory motion of the wire should be as rapid or more rapid than usual, in order to afford greater time and motion for extracting the moisture from the pulp. Care should also be used to give to the paper in the pulp the slight bluish tinge which is found in starched linen, and to prevent its having a dead or yellowish white color.

My discovery in the production ofthe paper is not confined to the use of any specific proportion of hard stock, nor to any specic time or mode of long beating, nor any specific method of running off or uniting the sheets of pulp, or of extracting the moisture, or of giving the required tint; but it is believed that the quality of stock to be used, the process by which the length of ber and the required shade of color are produced, Will be readily understood by paper manufacturers having regard to the above description andV the purposes for which the paper is designed.

The wristbands and cuffs are cut out from the paper sheet by means of dies or punches, or in any other manner, and of such style or fashion as may be desired.

Stud or button holcs'd are made in the Wristbands or cuffs by means of a punch or die, a border line or lines, b, being stamped upon lthem at the same operation, by a suitable instrument, in imitation of stitching.

The cuffs are conned to the wearers wrist by means of studs or buttons in the usual manner, and the Wristbands are attached to the wrist either by means of the shirt-sleeve buttons or studs, or by separat-e ones.

Fig. 3 represents a double or reversible Wristband or cuff, which (when one end of it becomes soiled by exposure next .to the hand) may be reversed, so as to bring the opposite end next to the hand, whereby one Wristband or cuff is made to last about as long as two of the usual construction.

W'hat I claim as my invention, and desire t0 secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As a new article of manufacture, a wristband or cuff made of long-liber paper, substantially such as is above described.

2. Making said Wristband or cuff reversible, substantially as and for the purpose described.

ANDREW A. EVANS.

Witnesses z N. AMES, GEO. R. CLARKE. 

